1、人稱代詞：表示“我、你、他、她、它、我們、你們、他們”的詞。

我 你 他 她 它 我們 你們 他們

主格 I you he she it we you they

賓格 me you him her it us you them

①主格一般用在句子開頭做主語，通常用在動(dòng)詞前。

e.g. I am a student. They are cleaning the classroom.

②賓格可以用來表示動(dòng)作行為的對(duì)象，一般用在動(dòng)詞和介詞后面。

e.g. Ask her, please. Listen to me carefully.

2、物主代詞：表示所有關(guān)系的代詞叫物主代詞。

我的 你的 他的 她的 它的 我們的 你們的 他們的

形容詞性 my your his her its our your their

名 詞 性 mine yours his hers its ours yours theirs

①形容詞性物主代詞后面一般要帶上名詞。如：my watch, his cousin, our school

②名詞性物主代詞本身就可以看作是名詞，故其后不能再加名詞，可單獨(dú)使用。

e.g. —Is that your bike? —No. Mine is blue.

3、不定代詞：沒有明確指定代替某個(gè)(些)人或物的詞叫不定代詞。

(1)some和any

都表示“一些”，既可以修飾可數(shù)名詞，也可以修飾不可數(shù)名詞。

① some多用在肯定句中，any多用在否定句和疑問句中。

e.g. There are some flowers in the garden. (肯定句)

There isn’t any milk in the fridge. (否定句)

Do you have any hobbies? (疑問句)

② 在表示邀請(qǐng)和希望對(duì)方給予肯定回答的疑問句中也要用some。

e.g. —Would you like some coffee? —Yes, please. (邀請(qǐng))

—Mum, can I have some peaches? —Sure.(希望對(duì)方給予肯定回答)

(2)both和all

① both表示“兩個(gè)都……”，只指代或修飾可數(shù)名詞。

e.g. We are both policemen.(強(qiáng)調(diào)兩人)

② all表示“三個(gè)或三個(gè)以上都……”，既可指代或修飾可數(shù)名詞，也可指代或修飾不可數(shù)名詞。

e.g. They are all in the room.(至少三人)

(3)many和much都表示“許多”，many修飾可數(shù)名詞，much修飾不可數(shù)名詞。

e.g. My uncle has many stamps. There is much tea in the cup.

(4)each和every

each強(qiáng)調(diào)個(gè)人，指兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上的人或事物中的“每個(gè)”;every是指許多人或事物的“全體”，與all的意思相近。

e.g. I’ll buy a present for each of her parents. 我要為她的父母每人買一件禮物。

Every book in his study is interesting. 他書房里的每本書都很有趣。

(5)other 作形容詞時(shí)意思是“其他的”，指尚未提到的部分，其后一般接復(fù)數(shù)名詞。

e.g. We study Chinese, English, Maths and other subjects.

(6)something和everything

① something 某事;某物 e.g. I want something to drink.

② everything 一切事物;每樣事物 e.g. Tell me everything about you.

(7)nobody 沒有人 e.g. She likes nobody and nobody likes her.

4、疑問代詞：用來表達(dá)疑問或構(gòu)成疑問句的代詞，一般放在疑問句的句首。

what 問什么 —What’s your name? —My name is Tom.

What colour 問顏色 —What colour is your coat? —It’s red.

what day 問星期 —What day is it today? —It’s Monday.

what date 問日期 —What date is it today? —It’s the first of June.

what shape 問形狀 —What shape is the moon? —It’s round.

what…job 問工作 —What’s your father’s job? —He’s a bus driver.

what time 問時(shí)間 —What time is it? —It’s ten o’clock.

when 問時(shí)候 —When is your birthday? —It’s on the first of May.

which 問哪個(gè) —Which is your watch, this one or that one? —That one.

where 問地點(diǎn) —Where is my pen? —It’s on the floor.

who 問誰 —Who is the boy with big eyes? —He’s Liu Tao.

whose 問誰的 —Whose bag is this? —It’s Helen’s.

why 問原因 —Why are you absent today? —I’m ill.

how 問方式 —How do you go to school? —By bus.

how many 問數(shù)量 —How many books are there? —There are five.

how much 問價(jià)錢 —How much is it? —Twenty yuan.

how old 問年齡 —How old are you? —I’m twelve.

how far 問距離 —How far is it from here? —It’s about one kilometer.

how about 問情況 —I’m thirsty. How about you? —Me, too.

5、指示代詞

① this(這個(gè))、these(這些)表示在時(shí)間上或空間上較近的人或物。

② that(那個(gè))、those(那些)表示在時(shí)間上或空間上較遠(yuǎn)的人或物。