通過(guò)ADO.NET存取文件
來(lái)源:易賢網(wǎng) 閱讀:773 次 日期:2014-08-20 14:00:03
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有時(shí)我們需要把一些大的數(shù)據(jù)對(duì)象如圖片、可執(zhí)行文件、視頻和文檔等數(shù)據(jù)存入數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)。在MS SQL Server中,這要用到Image數(shù)據(jù)類型,可以保存多達(dá)2G的數(shù)據(jù)。以下給出一個(gè)通過(guò)ADO.NET和MS SQL Server實(shí)現(xiàn)的小小的例子。

先創(chuàng)建一個(gè)測(cè)試數(shù)據(jù)表。

在查詢分析器中輸入并執(zhí)行以下語(yǔ)句:

Create table [imgtable](

[imgid] [int] IDENTITY(1,1) NOT NULL,

[imgname] [varchar](100) COLLATE Chinese_PRC_CI_AS NULL,

[imgData] [image] NULL,

PRIMARY KEY CLUSTERED

[imgid]

) ON [PRIMARY]

) ON [PRIMARY] TEXTIMAGE_ON [PRIMARY]

這要在你所選的數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)中就多了一個(gè)名叫imgtable的表。

VS中的代碼如下:

using System;

using System.Drawing;

using System.Collections;

using System.ComponentModel;

using System.Windows.Forms;

using System.Data;

using System.Data.SqlClient;

using System.IO;

namespace ADO_Demo

{

/// <summary>

/// Form1 的摘要說(shuō)明。

/// </summary>

public class ADO_Demo : System.Windows.Forms.Form

{

private System.Windows.Forms.Button button1;

private System.Windows.Forms.Button button2;

private System.Windows.Forms.PictureBox pictureBox1;

private System.Windows.Forms.OpenFileDialog openFileDialog1;

private System.Windows.Forms.Button button3;

/// <summary>

/// 必需的設(shè)計(jì)器變量。

/// </summary>

private System.ComponentModel.Container components = null;

public ADO_Demo()

{

//

// Windows 窗體設(shè)計(jì)器支持所必需的

//

InitializeComponent();

//

// TODO: 在 InitializeComponent 調(diào)用后添加任何構(gòu)造函數(shù)代碼

//

}

/// <summary>

/// 清理所有正在使用的資源。

/// </summary>

protected override void Dispose( bool disposing )

{

if( disposing )

{

if (components != null)

{

components.Dispose();

}

}

base.Dispose( disposing );

}

#region Windows 窗體設(shè)計(jì)器生成的代碼

/// <summary>

/// 設(shè)計(jì)器支持所需的方法 - 不要使用代碼編輯器修改

/// 此方法的內(nèi)容。

/// </summary>

private void InitializeComponent()

{

this.button1 = new System.Windows.Forms.Button();

this.button2 = new System.Windows.Forms.Button();

this.pictureBox1 = new System.Windows.Forms.PictureBox();

this.openFileDialog1 = new System.Windows.Forms.OpenFileDialog();

this.button3 = new System.Windows.Forms.Button();

this.SuspendLayout();

//

// button1

//

this.button1.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(368, 48);

this.button1.Name = "button1";

this.button1.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(104, 23);

this.button1.TabIndex = 0;

this.button1.Text = "保存圖片";

this.button1.Click += new System.EventHandler(this.button1_Click);

//

// button2

//

this.button2.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(368, 120);

this.button2.Name = "button2";

this.button2.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(104, 23);

this.button2.TabIndex = 1;

this.button2.Text = "顯示圖片";

this.button2.Click += new System.EventHandler(this.button2_Click);

//

// pictureBox1

//

this.pictureBox1.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(8, 16);

this.pictureBox1.Name = "pictureBox1";

this.pictureBox1.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(312, 288);

this.pictureBox1.TabIndex = 2;

this.pictureBox1.TabStop = false;

//

// openFileDialog1

//

this.openFileDialog1.FileOk += new System.ComponentModel.CancelEventHandler(this.openFileDialog1_FileOk);

//

// button3

//

this.button3.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(368, 200);

this.button3.Name = "button3";

this.button3.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(104, 23);

this.button3.TabIndex = 1;

this.button3.Text = "讀取文件并打開(kāi)";

this.button3.Click += new System.EventHandler(this.button3_Click);

//

// ADO_Demo

//

this.AutoScaleBaseSize = new System.Drawing.Size(6, 14);

this.ClientSize = new System.Drawing.Size(496, 317);

this.Controls.Add(this.pictureBox1);

this.Controls.Add(this.button2);

this.Controls.Add(this.button1);

this.Controls.Add(this.button3);

this.Name = "ADO_Demo";

this.Text = "ADO_Demo";

this.ResumeLayout(false);

}

#endregion

/// <summary>

/// 應(yīng)用程序的主入口點(diǎn)。

/// </summary>

[STAThread]

static void Main()

{

application.Run(new ADO_Demo());

}

 

/// <summary>

/// 點(diǎn)擊打開(kāi)文件對(duì)話框確定按鈕,將文件保存到數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)中

/// </summary>

/// <param name="sender"></param>

/// <param name="e"></param>

private void openFileDialog1_FileOk(object sender, System.ComponentModel.CancelEventArgs e)

{

string filename = this.openFileDialog1.FileName;

SqlConnection conn = new SqlConnection("server=192.168.2.200;integrated security = sspi;database = northwind");

SqlCommand cmd = new SqlCommand("insert imgtable values(@imgname,@imgData)",conn);

SqlParameter pm = new SqlParameter("@imgname",SqlDbType.VarChar,100);

pm.Value = filename;

SqlParameter pm1 = new SqlParameter("@imgData",SqlDbType.Image);

FileStream fs = new FileStream(filename,FileMode.Open);

int len = (int)fs.Length;

byte[] fileData = new byte[len];

fs.Read(fileData,0,len);

fs.Close();

pm1.Value = fileData;

cmd.Parameters.Add(pm);

cmd.Parameters.Add(pm1);

conn.Open();

try

{

cmd.ExecuteNonQuery();

}

catch(Exception ex)

{

MessageBox.Show(ex.Message);

}

}

private void button1_Click(object sender, System.EventArgs e)

{

this.openFileDialog1.ShowDialog();

}

/// <summary>

/// 從數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)中讀取bitmap圖片并顯示

/// </summary>

/// <param name="sender"></param>

/// <param name="e"></param>

private void button2_Click(object sender, System.EventArgs e)

{

SqlConnection conn = new SqlConnection("server=192.168.2.200;integrated security = sspi;database = northwind");

SqlCommand cmd = new SqlCommand("select * from imgtable where imgname like '%bmp%'",conn);

conn.Open();

SqlDataReader dr;

try

{

dr = cmd.ExecuteReader();

dr.Read();

System.Data.SqlTypes.SqlBinary sb = dr.GetSqlBinary(2);

//或byte[] imageData = (byte[])dr[2];

MemoryStream ms = new MemoryStream(sb.Value);//在內(nèi)存中操作圖片數(shù)據(jù)

Bitmap bmp = new Bitmap(Bitmap.FromStream(ms));

this.pictureBox1.Image = bmp;

dr.Close();

}

catch(Exception ex)

{

MessageBox.Show(ex.Message);

}

finally

{

conn.Close();

}

}

/// <summary>

/// 讀取文件并保存到硬盤(pán),然后打開(kāi)文件

/// </summary>

/// <param name="sender"></param>

/// <param name="e"></param>

private void button3_Click(object sender, System.EventArgs e)

{

SqlConnection conn = new SqlConnection("server=192.168.2.200;integrated security = sspi;database = northwind");

SqlCommand cmd = new SqlCommand("select * from imgtable where imgname like '%doc'",conn);

conn.Open();

SqlDataReader dr;

try

{

dr = cmd.ExecuteReader();

dr.Read();

System.Data.SqlTypes.SqlBinary sb = dr.GetSqlBinary(2);

//或byte[] imageData = (byte[])dr[2];

//FileStream fs = new FileStream(@"C: emp.bmp",FileMode.Create);

string filename = @"C:\" + System.IO.Path.GetFileName(dr.GetString(1));

FileStream fs = new FileStream(filename,FileMode.Create);

fs.Write(sb.Value,0,sb.Value.Length);

fs.Close();

//this.pictureBox1.Image = Image.FromFile(@"C: emp.bmp");

System.Diagnostics.Process.Start(filename);

dr.Close();

}

catch(Exception ex)

{

MessageBox.Show(ex.Message);

}

finally

{

conn.Close();

}

}

}

}

直接把整個(gè)文件讀取到內(nèi)存中的數(shù)組里對(duì)于小文件來(lái)說(shuō)是沒(méi)問(wèn)題的,但如果是大文件,特別是大小都超過(guò)了物理內(nèi)存的文件,可能會(huì)導(dǎo)致嚴(yán)重的內(nèi)存問(wèn)題,需要分段讀取,并分段寫(xiě)到數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)。

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